jobeet第十天:表单

*这一系列文章来源于Fabien Potencier，基于Symfony1.4编写的Jobeet Tutirual。

从简单的联系表单（contact form）到带有很多个表单域的复杂表单，任何一个网站都会有表单的身影出现。对于一位Web开发者来说，编写表单是一个复杂而且乏味的工作之一：我们需要使用HTML代码把表单显示出来，然后需要为每个表单域添加验证规则，再把提交到服务器的表单值处理后保存到数据库中，（如果表单数据有错误）还需要把错误信息反馈给用户，而且还需要填充完用户没有错误的表单域等等…

在第三天的内容中，我门使用了doctrine:generate:crud命令为Job实体类生成了一个简单的CRUD控制器。同时也生成了一个Job表单，我们可以在/src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Form/JobType.php文件中找到它。

自定义Job表单

Job表单是一个学习如何自定义表单的一个好例子。我们来一步步地学习怎样进行自定义表单。

首先，修改layout中的Post a Job，让它能够正确转向到Post页面：

<!-- src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Resources/views/layout.html.twig -->
<a href="{{ path('ibw_job_new') }}">Post a Job</a>

1 2	<!-- src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Resources/views/layout.html.twig --> <a href="{{ path('ibw_job_new') }}">Post a Job</a>

修改JobController::createAction()中ibw_job_show的路由参数，让它能够匹配我们在第五天中修改过的ibw_job_show路由：

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Controller/JobController.php
// ...

public function createAction(Request $request)
{
    $entity  = new Job();
    $form = $this->createForm(new JobType(), $entity);
    $form->bind($request);

    if ($form->isValid()) {
        $em = $this->getDoctrine()->getManager();

        $em->persist($entity);
        $em->flush();

        return $this->redirect($this->generateUrl('ibw_job_show', array(
            'company' => $entity->getCompanySlug(),
            'location' => $entity->getLocationSlug(),
            'id' => $entity->getId(),
            'position' => $entity->getPositionSlug()
        )));
    }

    return $this->render('IbwJobeetBundle:Job:new.html.twig', array(
        'entity' => $entity,
        'form'   => $form->createView(),
    ));
}

// ...

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Controller/JobController.php

// ...

public function createAction(Request $request)

{

$entity = new Job();

$form = $this->createForm(new JobType(), $entity);

$form->bind($request);

if ($form->isValid()) {

$em = $this->getDoctrine()->getManager();

$em->persist($entity);

$em->flush();

return $this->redirect($this->generateUrl('ibw_job_show', array(

'company' => $entity->getCompanySlug(),

'location' => $entity->getLocationSlug(),

'id' => $entity->getId(),

'position' => $entity->getPositionSlug()

)));

}

return $this->render('IbwJobeetBundle:Job:new.html.twig', array(

'entity' => $entity,

'form' => $form->createView(),

));

}

// ...

Doctrine默认是按照数据表中的列（columns）来生成表单域的。但对于Job表单来说，有些表单域是不需要被最终用户（the end user）填写的。我们把Job表单编辑如下：

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Form/JobType.php
namespace Ibw\JobeetBundle\Form;

use Symfony\Component\Form\AbstractType;
use Symfony\Component\Form\FormBuilderInterface;
use Symfony\Component\OptionsResolver\OptionsResolverInterface;

class JobType extends AbstractType
{
    public function buildForm(FormBuilderInterface $builder, array $options)
    {
        $builder
            ->add('type')
            ->add('category')
            ->add('company')
            ->add('logo')
            ->add('url')
            ->add('position')
            ->add('location')
            ->add('description')
            ->add('how_to_apply')
            ->add('token')
            ->add('is_public')
            ->add('email')
        ;
    }

    public function setDefaultOptions(OptionsResolverInterface $resolver)
    {
        $resolver->setDefaults(array(
            'data_class' => 'Ibw\JobeetBundle\Entity\Job'
        ));
    }

    public function getName()
    {
        return 'job';
    }
}

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Form/JobType.php

namespace Ibw\JobeetBundle\Form;

use Symfony\Component\Form\AbstractType;

use Symfony\Component\Form\FormBuilderInterface;

use Symfony\Component\OptionsResolver\OptionsResolverInterface;

class JobType extends AbstractType

{

public function buildForm(FormBuilderInterface $builder, array $options)

{

$builder

->add('type')

->add('category')

->add('company')

->add('logo')

->add('url')

->add('position')

->add('location')

->add('description')

->add('how_to_apply')

->add('token')

->add('is_public')

->add('email')

;

}

public function setDefaultOptions(OptionsResolverInterface $resolver)

{

$resolver->setDefaults(array(

'data_class' => 'Ibw\JobeetBundle\Entity\Job'

));

}

public function getName()

{

return 'job';

}

表单的设置要比数据表的设置更加精确。举个例子来说吧，email列在数据表中仅仅只要求是varchar类型的，而表单中则需要验证email要有正确的格式。在Symfony2中，表单验证被隐含在实体对象之中（比如Job）。换句话说，我们的问题不是验证表单（form）是否有效，而是验证Job对象是否有效（表单提交后的数据会被一一映射成Job对象中的属性值）。为了做到这点，我们在Resources/config目录下创建一个validation.yml文件：

# src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Resources/config/validation.yml
Ibw\JobeetBundle\Entity\Job:
    properties:
        email:
            - NotBlank: ~
            - Email: ~

# src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Resources/config/validation.yml

Ibw\JobeetBundle\Entity\Job:

properties:

email:

- NotBlank: ~

- Email: ~

尽管type列（column）在数据表中是varchar类型的，但我们想限制它的取值只能在：full time，part time和freelance三个值之中。

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Form/JobType.php
// ...
use Ibw\JobeetBundle\Entity\Job;

class JobType extends AbstractType
{
    public function buildForm(FormBuilderInterface $builder, array $options)
    {
        $builder
            ->add('type', 'choice', array('choices' => Job::getTypes(), 'expanded' => true))
            // ...
    }

    // ...

}

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Form/JobType.php

// ...

use Ibw\JobeetBundle\Entity\Job;

class JobType extends AbstractType

{

public function buildForm(FormBuilderInterface $builder, array $options)

{

$builder

->add('type', 'choice', array('choices' => Job::getTypes(), 'expanded' => true))

// ...

}

// ...

}

为了让上面的代码能够运行，我们需要在Job实体中添加下面的代码：

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Entity/Job.php
// ...

public static function getTypes()
{
    return array('full-time' => 'Full time', 'part-time' => 'Part time', 'freelance' => 'Freelance');
}

public static function getTypeValues()
{
    return array_keys(self::getTypes());
}

// ...

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Entity/Job.php

// ...

public static function getTypes()

{

return array('full-time' => 'Full time', 'part-time' => 'Part time', 'freelance' => 'Freelance');

}

public static function getTypeValues()

{

return array_keys(self::getTypes());

}

// ...

表单利用getTypes()方法生成Job可以选择的类型，getTypeValues()方法被用来验证type表单域值的有效性。

# src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Resources/config/validation.yml
Ibw\JobeetBundle\Entity\Job:
    properties:
        type:
            - NotBlank: ~
            - Choice: { callback: getTypeValues }
        email:
            - NotBlank: ~
            - Email: ~

# src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Resources/config/validation.yml

Ibw\JobeetBundle\Entity\Job:

properties:

type:

- NotBlank: ~

- Choice: { callback: getTypeValues }

email:

- NotBlank: ~

- Email: ~

对于每个表单域，Symfony会为每个表单域自动生成一个label。我们能通过label选项来修改默认的label值：

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Form/JobType.php
public function buildForm(FormBuilderInterface $builder, array $options)
{
    $builder
        // ...
        ->add('logo', null, array('label' => 'Company logo'))
        // ...
        ->add('how_to_apply', null, array('label' => 'How to apply?'))
        // ...
        ->add('is_public', null, array('label' => 'Public?'))
        // ...
}

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Form/JobType.php

public function buildForm(FormBuilderInterface $builder, array $options)

{

$builder

// ...

->add('logo', null, array('label' => 'Company logo'))

// ...

->add('how_to_apply', null, array('label' => 'How to apply?'))

// ...

->add('is_public', null, array('label' => 'Public?'))

// ...

}

我们同样需要为剩下的表单域添加验证约束：

# src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Resources/config/validation.yml
Ibw\JobeetBundle\Entity\Job:
    properties:
        category:
            - NotBlank: ~
        type:
            - NotBlank: ~
            - Choice: {callback: getTypeValues}
        company:
            - NotBlank: ~
        position:
            - NotBlank: ~
        location:
            - NotBlank: ~
        description:
            - NotBlank: ~
        how_to_apply:
            - NotBlank: ~
        token:
            - NotBlank: ~
        email:
            - NotBlank: ~
            - Email: ~
        url:
            - Url: ~

# src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Resources/config/validation.yml

Ibw\JobeetBundle\Entity\Job:

properties:

category:

- NotBlank: ~

type:

- NotBlank: ~

- Choice: {callback: getTypeValues}

company:

- NotBlank: ~

position:

- NotBlank: ~

location:

- NotBlank: ~

description:

- NotBlank: ~

how_to_apply:

- NotBlank: ~

token:

- NotBlank: ~

email:

- NotBlank: ~

- Email: ~

url:

- Url: ~

这里约束url表单域值只能像http://www.sitename.domain或者https://www.sitename.domain这样的格式。

修改完validation.yml之后，我们需要清除cache。

Symfony2处理上传文件

为了能够在表单中处理上传文件，我们会给Job实体添加一个新的file属性：

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Entity/Job.php
// ...

public $file;

// ...

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Entity/Job.php

// ...

public $file;

// ...

现在我们需要把logo文本域替换成文件域：

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Form/JobType.php
// ...

public function buildForm(FormBuilderInterface $builder, array $options)
{
    $builder
        // ...
        ->add('file', 'file', array('label' => 'Company logo', 'required' => false))
        // ...
}
// ...

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Form/JobType.php

// ...

public function buildForm(FormBuilderInterface $builder, array $options)

{

$builder

// ...

->add('file', 'file', array('label' => 'Company logo', 'required' => false))

// ...

}

// ...

为了确保上传的文件是图片，我们需要添加图片文件的验证：

# src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Resources/config/validation.yml
Ibw\JobeetBundle\Entity\Job:
    properties:
        # ...
        file:
            - Image: ~

# src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Resources/config/validation.yml

Ibw\JobeetBundle\Entity\Job:

properties:

# ...

file:

- Image: ~

当表单提交之后，文件域会被映射成UploadedFile类的一个实例。我们能通过给它一个参数来改变上传文件存放的位置。在这之后我们将会看到Job类的logo属性会被设置成上传文件的名字。

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Controller/JobController.php
// ...

public function createAction(Request $request)
{
    // ...

    if ($form->isValid()) {
        $em = $this->getDoctrine()->getManager();

        $entity->file->move(__DIR__.'/../../../../web/uploads/jobs', $entity->file->getClientOriginalName());
        $entity->setLogo($entity->file->getClientOriginalName());

        $em->persist($entity);
        $em->flush();

        return $this->redirect($this->generateUrl('ibw_job_show', array(
            'company' => $entity->getCompanySlug(),
            'location' => $entity->getLocationSlug(),
            'id' => $entity->getId(),
            'position' => $entity->getPositionSlug()
        )));
    }
    // ...
}

// ...

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Controller/JobController.php

// ...

public function createAction(Request $request)

{

// ...

if ($form->isValid()) {

$em = $this->getDoctrine()->getManager();

$entity->file->move(__DIR__.'/../../../../web/uploads/jobs', $entity->file->getClientOriginalName());

$entity->setLogo($entity->file->getClientOriginalName());

$em->persist($entity);

$em->flush();

return $this->redirect($this->generateUrl('ibw_job_show', array(

'company' => $entity->getCompanySlug(),

'location' => $entity->getLocationSlug(),

'id' => $entity->getId(),

'position' => $entity->getPositionSlug()

)));

}

// ...

}

// ...

我们需要创存放logo图片的目录（web/uploads/jobs），并且确保这个目录是可以写的。

尽管能有这种方式处理文件的上传，但我们有更好的方式，那就是使用Job实体。

首先在Job实体中添加下面的代码：

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Entity/Job.php
class Job
{
    // ... 
    protected function getUploadDir()
    {
        return 'uploads/jobs';
    }

    protected function getUploadRootDir()
    {
        return __DIR__.'/../../../../web/'.$this->getUploadDir();
    }

    public function getWebPath()
    {
        return null === $this->logo ? null : $this->getUploadDir().'/'.$this->logo;
    }

    public function getAbsolutePath()
    {
        return null === $this->logo ? null : $this->getUploadRootDir().'/'.$this->logo;
    }
}

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Entity/Job.php

class Job

{

// ...

protected function getUploadDir()

{

return 'uploads/jobs';

}

protected function getUploadRootDir()

{

return __DIR__.'/../../../../web/'.$this->getUploadDir();

}

public function getWebPath()

{

return null === $this->logo ? null : $this->getUploadDir().'/'.$this->logo;

}

public function getAbsolutePath()

{

return null === $this->logo ? null : $this->getUploadRootDir().'/'.$this->logo;

}

logo属性保存的值是上传文件的相对路径，它会被保存到数据库中。getAbsolutePath()方法返回的是上传文件的绝对路径，而getWebPath()方法是返回的是web路径，我们可以在模板中使用它。

我们会把数据库持久化和上传文件实现得具有“原子性（atomic）”：即如果不能成功保存Job实体到数据库或者文件上传失败，那么这两件事都将会失败（比如实体成功保存到数据库了，但文件上传失败了，这种情况属于操作失败，那么数据库保存的数据也必须撤销掉）。我们在当Doctrine成功保存实体后才把上传文件存在目录中。我们可以通过Job实体的lifecycle callback来完成这项操作。就像我们在第三天内容中所做的，我们在Job.orm.yml中添加preUpload，upload 和removeUpload回调方法：

# src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Resources/config/doctrine/Job.orm.yml
Ibw\JobeetBundle\Entity\Job:
    # ...

    lifecycleCallbacks:
        prePersist: [ preUpload, setCreatedAtValue, setExpiresAtValue ]
        preUpdate: [ preUpload, setUpdatedAtValue ]
        postPersist: [ upload ]
        postUpdate: [ upload ]
        postRemove: [ removeUpload ]

# src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Resources/config/doctrine/Job.orm.yml

Ibw\JobeetBundle\Entity\Job:

# ...

lifecycleCallbacks:

prePersist: [ preUpload, setCreatedAtValue, setExpiresAtValue ]

preUpdate: [ preUpload, setUpdatedAtValue ]

postPersist: [ upload ]

postUpdate: [ upload ]

postRemove: [ removeUpload ]

现在运行generate:entities命令为Job实体生成新的方法：

php app/console doctrine:generate:entities IbwJobeetBundle

1	php app/console doctrine:generate:entities IbwJobeetBundle

修改Job.php中新增的方法：

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Entity/Job.php
class Job
{
    // ...

    /**
     * @ORM\PrePersist
     */
    public function preUpload()
    {
         if (null !== $this->file) {
             $this->logo = uniqid().'.'.$this->file->guessExtension();
         }
    }

    /**
     * @ORM\PostPersist
     */
    public function upload()
    {
        if (null === $this->file) {
            return;
        }

        // If there is an error when moving the file, an exception will
        // be automatically thrown by move(). This will properly prevent
        // the entity from being persisted to the database on error
        $this->file->move($this->getUploadRootDir(), $this->logo);

        unset($this->file);
    }

    /**
     * @ORM\PostRemove
     */
    public function removeUpload()
    {
        if(file_exists($this->file)) {
            if ($this->file = $this->getAbsolutePath()) {
                unlink($this->file);
            }
        }    
    }
}

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Entity/Job.php

class Job

{

// ...

/**

* @ORM\PrePersist

public function preUpload()

{

if (null !== $this->file) {

$this->logo = uniqid().'.'.$this->file->guessExtension();

}

/**

* @ORM\PostPersist

public function upload()

{

if (null === $this->file) {

return;

}

// If there is an error when moving the file, an exception will

// be automatically thrown by move(). This will properly prevent

// the entity from being persisted to the database on error

$this->file->move($this->getUploadRootDir(), $this->logo);

unset($this->file);

}

/**

* @ORM\PostRemove

public function removeUpload()

{

if(file_exists($this->file)) {

if ($this->file = $this->getAbsolutePath()) {

unlink($this->file);

}

现在Job实体类已经能够完成我们需要的工作了：它会在保存到数据库之前生成一个唯一的文件名，保存数据库后就会把文件存放到目录下，当实体被删除的时候上传文件也将被删除。Job实体已经能够自动处理文件上传了，我们现在需要删除JobController中处理文件上传的代码：

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Controller/JobController.php
// ...

    public function createAction(Request $request)
    {
        $entity  = new Job();
        $form = $this->createForm(new JobType(), $entity);
        $form->bind($request);

        if ($form->isValid()) {
            $em = $this->getDoctrine()->getManager();

            $em->persist($entity);
            $em->flush();

            return $this->redirect($this->generateUrl('ibw_job_show', array(
                'company' => $entity->getCompanySlug(),
                'location' => $entity->getLocationSlug(),
                'id' => $entity->getId(),
                'position' => $entity->getPositionSlug()
            )));
        }

        return $this->render('IbwJobeetBundle:Job:new.html.twig', array(
            'entity' => $entity,
            'form'   => $form->createView(),
        ));
    }

// ...

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Controller/JobController.php

// ...

public function createAction(Request $request)

{

$entity = new Job();

$form = $this->createForm(new JobType(), $entity);

$form->bind($request);

if ($form->isValid()) {

$em = $this->getDoctrine()->getManager();

$em->persist($entity);

$em->flush();

return $this->redirect($this->generateUrl('ibw_job_show', array(

'company' => $entity->getCompanySlug(),

'location' => $entity->getLocationSlug(),

'id' => $entity->getId(),

'position' => $entity->getPositionSlug()

)));

}

return $this->render('IbwJobeetBundle:Job:new.html.twig', array(

'entity' => $entity,

'form' => $form->createView(),

));

}

// ...

表单模板

我们已经完成了表单类的自定义，现在我们需要把它显示出来。修改new.html.twig模板：

<!-- src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Resources/views/Job/new.html.twig -->
{% extends 'IbwJobeetBundle::layout.html.twig' %}

{% form_theme form _self %}

{% block form_errors %}
{% spaceless %}
    {% if errors|length > 0 %}
        <ul class="error_list">
            {% for error in errors %}
                <li>{{ error.messageTemplate|trans(error.messageParameters, 'validators') }}</li>
            {% endfor %}
        </ul>
    {% endif %}
{% endspaceless %}
{% endblock form_errors %}

{% block stylesheets %}
    {{ parent() }}
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ asset('bundles/ibwjobeet/css/job.css') }}" type="text/css" media="all" />
{% endblock %}

{% block content %}
    <h1>Job creation</h1>
    <form action="{{ path('ibw_job_create') }}" method="post" {{ form_enctype(form) }}>
        <table id="job_form">
            <tfoot>
                <tr>
                    <td colspan="2">
                        <input type="submit" value="Preview your job" />
                    </td>
                </tr>
            </tfoot>
            <tbody>
                <tr>
                    <th>{{ form_label(form.category) }}</th>
                    <td>
                        {{ form_errors(form.category) }}
                        {{ form_widget(form.category) }}
                    </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <th>{{ form_label(form.type) }}</th>
                    <td>
                        {{ form_errors(form.type) }}
                        {{ form_widget(form.type) }}
                    </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <th>{{ form_label(form.company) }}</th>
                    <td>
                        {{ form_errors(form.company) }}
                        {{ form_widget(form.company) }}
                    </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <th>{{ form_label(form.file) }}</th>
                    <td>
                        {{ form_errors(form.file) }}
                        {{ form_widget(form.file) }}
                    </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <th>{{ form_label(form.url) }}</th>
                    <td>
                        {{ form_errors(form.url) }}
                        {{ form_widget(form.url) }}
                    </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <th>{{ form_label(form.position) }}</th>
                    <td>
                        {{ form_errors(form.position) }}
                        {{ form_widget(form.position) }}
                    </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <th>{{ form_label(form.location) }}</th>
                    <td>
                        {{ form_errors(form.location) }}
                        {{ form_widget(form.location) }}
                    </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <th>{{ form_label(form.description) }}</th>
                    <td>
                        {{ form_errors(form.description) }}
                        {{ form_widget(form.description) }}
                    </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <th>{{ form_label(form.how_to_apply) }}</th>
                    <td>
                        {{ form_errors(form.how_to_apply) }}
                        {{ form_widget(form.how_to_apply) }}
                    </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <th>{{ form_label(form.token) }}</th>
                    <td>
                        {{ form_errors(form.token) }}
                        {{ form_widget(form.token) }}
                    </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <th>{{ form_label(form.is_public) }}</th>
                    <td>
                        {{ form_errors(form.is_public) }}
                        {{ form_widget(form.is_public) }}
                        <br /> Whether the job can also be published on affiliate websites or not.
                    </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <th>{{ form_label(form.email) }}</th>
                    <td>
                        {{ form_errors(form.email) }}
                        {{ form_widget(form.email) }}
                    </td>
                </tr>
            </tbody>
        </table>
    {{ form_end(form) }}
{% endblock %}

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{% extends 'IbwJobeetBundle::layout.html.twig' %}

{% form_theme form _self %}

{% block form_errors %}

{% spaceless %}

{% if errors|length > 0 %}

{% for error in errors %}

<li>{{ error.messageTemplate|trans(error.messageParameters, 'validators') }}</li>

{% endfor %}

</ul>

{% endif %}

{% endspaceless %}

{% endblock form_errors %}

{% block stylesheets %}

{% endblock %}

{% block content %}

<h1>Job creation</h1>

<tfoot>

<tr>

</td>

</tr>

</tfoot>

<tbody>

<tr>

<th>{{ form_label(form.category) }}</th>

<td>

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<th>{{ form_label(form.type) }}</th>

<td>

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<th>{{ form_label(form.company) }}</th>

<td>

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<th>{{ form_label(form.file) }}</th>

<td>

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<th>{{ form_label(form.url) }}</th>

<td>

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<th>{{ form_label(form.position) }}</th>

<td>

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<th>{{ form_label(form.location) }}</th>

<td>

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<th>{{ form_label(form.description) }}</th>

<td>

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<th>{{ form_label(form.how_to_apply) }}</th>

<td>

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<th>{{ form_label(form.token) }}</th>

<td>

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<th>{{ form_label(form.is_public) }}</th>

<td>

<br /> Whether the job can also be published on affiliate websites or not.

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<th>{{ form_label(form.email) }}</th>

<td>

</td>

</tr>

</tbody>

</table>

{% endblock %}

我们可以使用下面那一行代码来显示表单，但我们需要更多的自定义内容，所以我们选择手动来添加表单域。

{{ form(form) }}

1	{{ form(form) }}

form(form)会显示每个表单域，而且还会带有label和error信息（如果有的话）。虽然这种方式简单，但是它不是很灵活。更多时候我们需要去自定义表单域的显示，以更好地控制它们的样式外观。

我们也使用一种叫做form theming的技术来自定义form errors的渲染。你可以参考Symfony2的官方文档。

对eidt.html.twig做同样的修改：

<!-- src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Resources/views/Job/edit.html.twig -->
{% extends 'IbwJobeetBundle::layout.html.twig' %}

{% form_theme edit_form _self %}

{% block form_errors %}
{% spaceless %}
    {% if errors|length > 0 %}
        <ul class="error_list">
            {% for error in errors %}
                <li>{{ error.messageTemplate|trans(error.messageParameters, 'validators') }}</li>
            {% endfor %}
        </ul>
    {% endif %}
{% endspaceless %}
{% endblock form_errors %}

{% block stylesheets %}
    {{ parent() }}
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ asset('bundles/ibwjobeet/css/job.css') }}" type="text/css" media="all" />
{% endblock %}

{% block content %}
    <h1>Job edit</h1>
    <form action="{{ path('ibw_job_update', { 'id': entity.id }) }}" method="post" {{ form_enctype(edit_form) }}>
        <table id="job_form">
            <tfoot>
                <tr>
                    <td colspan="2">
                        <input type="submit" value="Preview your job" />
                    </td>
                </tr>
            </tfoot>
            <tbody>
                <tr>
                    <th>{{ form_label(edit_form.category) }}</th>
                    <td>
                        {{ form_errors(edit_form.category) }}
                        {{ form_widget(edit_form.category) }}
                    </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <th>{{ form_label(edit_form.type) }}</th>
                    <td>
                        {{ form_errors(edit_form.type) }}
                        {{ form_widget(edit_form.type) }}
                    </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <th>{{ form_label(edit_form.company) }}</th>
                    <td>
                        {{ form_errors(edit_form.company) }}
                        {{ form_widget(edit_form.company) }}
                    </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <th>{{ form_label(edit_form.file) }}</th>
                    <td>
                        {{ form_errors(edit_form.file) }}
                        {{ form(edit_form.file) }}
                    </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <th>{{ form_label(edit_form.url) }}</th>
                    <td>
                        {{ form_errors(edit_form.url) }}
                        {{ form_widget(edit_form.url) }}
                    </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <th>{{ form_label(edit_form.position) }}</th>
                    <td>
                        {{ form_errors(edit_form.position) }}
                        {{ form_widget(edit_form.position) }}
                    </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <th>{{ form_label(edit_form.location) }}</th>
                    <td>
                        {{ form_errors(edit_form.location) }}
                        {{ form_widget(edit_form.location) }}
                    </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <th>{{ form_label(edit_form.description) }}</th>
                    <td>
                        {{ form_errors(edit_form.description) }}
                        {{ form_widget(edit_form.description) }}
                    </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <th>{{ form_label(edit_form.how_to_apply) }}</th>
                    <td>
                        {{ form_errors(edit_form.how_to_apply) }}
                        {{ form_widget(edit_form.how_to_apply) }}
                    </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <th>{{ form_label(edit_form.token) }}</th>
                    <td>
                        {{ form_errors(edit_form.token) }}
                        {{ form_widget(edit_form.token) }}
                    </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <th>{{ form_label(edit_form.is_public) }}</th>
                    <td>
                        {{ form_errors(edit_form.is_public) }}
                        {{ form_widget(edit_form.is_public) }}
                        <br /> Whether the job can also be published on affiliate websites or not.
                    </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <th>{{ form_label(edit_form.email) }}</th>
                    <td>
                        {{ form_errors(edit_form.email) }}
                        {{ form_widget(edit_form.email) }}
                    </td>
                </tr>
            </tbody>
        </table>
    {{ form_end(edit_form) }}
{% endblock %}

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{% extends 'IbwJobeetBundle::layout.html.twig' %}

{% form_theme edit_form _self %}

{% block form_errors %}

{% spaceless %}

{% if errors|length > 0 %}

{% for error in errors %}

<li>{{ error.messageTemplate|trans(error.messageParameters, 'validators') }}</li>

{% endfor %}

</ul>

{% endif %}

{% endspaceless %}

{% endblock form_errors %}

{% block stylesheets %}

{% endblock %}

{% block content %}

<tfoot>

<tr>

</td>

</tr>

</tfoot>

<tbody>

<tr>

<th>{{ form_label(edit_form.category) }}</th>

<td>

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<th>{{ form_label(edit_form.type) }}</th>

<td>

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<th>{{ form_label(edit_form.company) }}</th>

<td>

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<th>{{ form_label(edit_form.file) }}</th>

<td>

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<th>{{ form_label(edit_form.url) }}</th>

<td>

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<th>{{ form_label(edit_form.position) }}</th>

<td>

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<th>{{ form_label(edit_form.location) }}</th>

<td>

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<th>{{ form_label(edit_form.description) }}</th>

<td>

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<th>{{ form_label(edit_form.how_to_apply) }}</th>

<td>

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<th>{{ form_label(edit_form.token) }}</th>

<td>

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<th>{{ form_label(edit_form.is_public) }}</th>

<td>

<br /> Whether the job can also be published on affiliate websites or not.

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<th>{{ form_label(edit_form.email) }}</th>

<td>

</td>

</tr>

</tbody>

</table>

{% endblock %}

表单行为（Action）

现在我们已经有了一个表单类（JobType）和一个利用它生成表单的模板。现在是时候让它能够做一点实际的行为了。Job表单被JobController中的四个方法所管理着：

newAction：显示一个空表单用来创建一个新job
createAction：处理表单（表单验证，表单填充）和利用用户提交的表单值实例化一个Job对象
editAction：显示一个已存在job的编辑表单
updateAction：处理表单（表单验证，表单填充）和利用用户提交的表单值更新已存在的Job对象

当你浏览/job/new page时，createForm()方法会实例化一个新的job表单实例，然后把这个表单实例传递给模板（newAction）。

当用户提交了表单（createAction），表单就绑定有用户提交的值（bind($request)方法），同时也会触发表单验证。一旦表单被绑定了，那么就可以使用isValid()方法验证表单是否有效：如果表单有效（返回true），那么Job数据就会被保存到数据库中（$em->persist($entity)），然后用户会被重定向到Job数据的预览页面；如果表单无效，那么new.html.twig模板会被重新渲染，而且表单还会自动填充用户提交上来的表单值，同时还会显示出错误信息。修改一个已存在的Job和这个过程很相似。new和edit行为唯一不同的是，需要被修改的Job对象是被作为crateForm()方法的第二个参数所使用。在模板中，这个对象的值的会被用来当做默认表单域的值。

我们也可以为creation表单定义默认的值。我们会传递一个预修改的Job对象给createForm()方法来设置type的默认值为full-time：

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Controller/jobController.php
// ...

public function newAction()
{
    $entity = new Job();
    $entity->setType('full-time');
    $form = $this->createForm(new JobType(), $entity);

    return $this->render('IbwJobeetBundle:Job:new.html.twig', array(
        'entity' => $entity,
        'form'   => $form->createView()
    ));
}

// ...

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Controller/jobController.php

// ...

public function newAction()

{

$entity = new Job();

$entity->setType('full-time');

$form = $this->createForm(new JobType(), $entity);

return $this->render('IbwJobeetBundle:Job:new.html.twig', array(

'entity' => $entity,

'form' => $form->createView()

));

}

// ...

使用Token来保护表单

现在一切都进展顺利，可是用户必须得填写token才能添加Job数据。通常来说，token应该是在这个Job数据被创建的时候自动生成的，我们不想让用户自己去提供这个唯一值的token。给Job实体的prePersist lifecycleCallbacks添加setTokenValue方法：

# src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Resources/config/doctrine/Job.orm.yml
# ...

lifecycleCallbacks:
    prePersist: [ setTokenValue, preUpload, setCreatedAtValue, setExpiresAtValue ]
     # ...

# src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Resources/config/doctrine/Job.orm.yml

# ...

lifecycleCallbacks:

prePersist: [ setTokenValue, preUpload, setCreatedAtValue, setExpiresAtValue ]

# ...

重新生成实体：

php app/console doctrine:generate:entities IbwJobeetBundle

1	php app/console doctrine:generate:entities IbwJobeetBundle

修改Job实体的setTokenValue()方法，给它添加生成token的逻辑代码：

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Entity/Job.php
// ...

public function setTokenValue()
{
    if(!$this->getToken()) {
        $this->token = sha1($this->getEmail().rand(11111, 99999));
    }
}

// ...

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Entity/Job.php

// ...

public function setTokenValue()

{

if(!$this->getToken()) {

$this->token = sha1($this->getEmail().rand(11111, 99999));

}

// ...

删除表单中的token域：

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Form/JobType.php
// ...

public function buildForm(FormBuilderInterface $builder, array $options)
{
    $builder
        ->add('category')
        ->add('type', 'choice', array('choices' => Job::getTypes(), 'expanded' => true))
        ->add('company')
        ->add('file', 'file', array('label' => 'Company logo', 'required' => false))
        ->add('url')
        ->add('position')
        ->add('location')
        ->add('description')
        ->add('how_to_apply', null, array('label' => 'How to apply?'))
        ->add('is_public', null, array('label' => 'Public?'))
        ->add('email')
    ;
}

// ...

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Form/JobType.php

// ...

public function buildForm(FormBuilderInterface $builder, array $options)

{

$builder

->add('category')

->add('type', 'choice', array('choices' => Job::getTypes(), 'expanded' => true))

->add('company')

->add('file', 'file', array('label' => 'Company logo', 'required' => false))

->add('url')

->add('position')

->add('location')

->add('description')

->add('how_to_apply', null, array('label' => 'How to apply?'))

->add('is_public', null, array('label' => 'Public?'))

->add('email')

;

}

// ...

删除/new.html.twig和edit.html.twig中的token域：

<!-- src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Resources/views/Job/new.html.twig -->
<!-- ... -->
<tr>
    <th>{{ form_label(form.token) }}</th>
    <td>
        {{ form_errors(form.token) }}
        {{ form_widget(form.token) }}
    </td>
</tr>
<!-- ... -->

<tr>

<th>{{ form_label(form.token) }}</th>

<td>

</td>

</tr>

<!-- src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Resources/views/Job/edit.html.twig -->
<!-- ... -->
<tr>
    <th>{{ form_label(edit_form.token) }}</th>
    <td>
        {{ form_errors(edit_form.token) }}
        {{ form(edit_form.token) }}
    </td>
</tr>
<!-- ... -->

<tr>

<th>{{ form_label(edit_form.token) }}</th>

<td>

</td>

</tr>

删除validation.yml中的token域：

# src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Resources/config/validation.yml
# ...
    # ...
    token:
        - NotBlank: ~

# src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Resources/config/validation.yml

# ...

token:

- NotBlank: ~

还记得第二天内容中的用户stories吗，只有用户知道Job的token才能对该Job信息进行修改。很好，修改或者删除一个Job数据是多么得简单呀，你只需要去猜那个URL中的token是什么值就可以办到了，你说这不是很简单（keng ren）吗？。修改Job信息的访问URL类似于/job/ID/edit，这里的ID是Job的主键。

我们来修改路由，只有URL带上token才能修改和删除Job信息：

# src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Resources/config/routing/job.yml
# ...

ibw_job_edit:
    pattern:  /{token}/edit
    defaults: { _controller: "IbwJobeetBundle:Job:edit" }

ibw_job_update:
    pattern:  /{token}/update
    defaults: { _controller: "IbwJobeetBundle:Job:update" }
    requirements: { _method: post|put }

ibw_job_delete:
    pattern:  /{token}/delete
    defaults: { _controller: "IbwJobeetBundle:Job:delete" }
    requirements: { _method: post|delete }

# src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Resources/config/routing/job.yml

# ...

ibw_job_edit:

pattern: /{token}/edit

defaults: { _controller: "IbwJobeetBundle:Job:edit" }

ibw_job_update:

pattern: /{token}/update

defaults: { _controller: "IbwJobeetBundle:Job:update" }

requirements: { _method: post|put }

ibw_job_delete:

pattern: /{token}/delete

defaults: { _controller: "IbwJobeetBundle:Job:delete" }

requirements: { _method: post|delete }

现在修改JobController，使用token来代替id：

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Controller/JobController.php
// ...
class JobController extends Controller
{
    // ...

    public function editAction($token)
    {
        $em = $this->getDoctrine()->getManager();

        $entity = $em->getRepository('IbwJobeetBundle:Job')->findOneByToken($token);

        if (!$entity) {
            throw $this->createNotFoundException('Unable to find Job entity.');
        }

        $editForm = $this->createForm(new JobType(), $entity);
        $deleteForm = $this->createDeleteForm($token);

        return $this->render('IbwJobeetBundle:Job:edit.html.twig', array(
            'entity'      => $entity,
            'edit_form'   => $editForm->createView(),
            'delete_form' => $deleteForm->createView(),
        ));
    }   

    public function updateAction(Request $request, $token)
    {
        $em = $this->getDoctrine()->getManager();

        $entity = $em->getRepository('IbwJobeetBundle:Job')->findOneByToken($token);

        if (!$entity) {
            throw $this->createNotFoundException('Unable to find Job entity.');
        }

        $editForm   = $this->createForm(new JobType(), $entity);
        $deleteForm = $this->createDeleteForm($token);

        $editForm->bind($request);

        if ($editForm->isValid()) {
            $em->persist($entity);
            $em->flush();

            return $this->redirect($this->generateUrl('ibw_job_edit', array('token' => $token)));
        }

        return $this->render('IbwJobeetBundle:Job:edit.html.twig', array(
            'entity'      => $entity,
            'edit_form'   => $editForm->createView(),
            'delete_form' => $deleteForm->createView(),
        ));
    }

    public function deleteAction(Request $request, $token)
    {
        $form = $this->createDeleteForm($token);
        $form->bind($request);

        if ($form->isValid()) {
            $em = $this->getDoctrine()->getManager();
            $entity = $em->getRepository('IbwJobeetBundle:Job')->findOneByToken($token);

            if (!$entity) {
                throw $this->createNotFoundException('Unable to find Job entity.');
            }

            $em->remove($entity);
            $em->flush();
        }

        return $this->redirect($this->generateUrl('ibw_job'));
    }

    /**
     * Creates a form to delete a Job entity by id.
     *
     * @param mixed $id The entity id
     *
     * @return Symfony\Component\Form\Form The form
     */
    private function createDeleteForm($token)
    {
        return $this->createFormBuilder(array('token' => $token))
            ->add('token', 'hidden')
            ->getForm()
        ;
    }
}

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Controller/JobController.php

// ...

class JobController extends Controller

{

// ...

public function editAction($token)

{

$em = $this->getDoctrine()->getManager();

$entity = $em->getRepository('IbwJobeetBundle:Job')->findOneByToken($token);

if (!$entity) {

throw $this->createNotFoundException('Unable to find Job entity.');

}

$editForm = $this->createForm(new JobType(), $entity);

$deleteForm = $this->createDeleteForm($token);

return $this->render('IbwJobeetBundle:Job:edit.html.twig', array(

'entity' => $entity,

'edit_form' => $editForm->createView(),

'delete_form' => $deleteForm->createView(),

));

}

public function updateAction(Request $request, $token)

{

$em = $this->getDoctrine()->getManager();

$entity = $em->getRepository('IbwJobeetBundle:Job')->findOneByToken($token);

if (!$entity) {

throw $this->createNotFoundException('Unable to find Job entity.');

}

$editForm = $this->createForm(new JobType(), $entity);

$deleteForm = $this->createDeleteForm($token);

$editForm->bind($request);

if ($editForm->isValid()) {

$em->persist($entity);

$em->flush();

return $this->redirect($this->generateUrl('ibw_job_edit', array('token' => $token)));

}

return $this->render('IbwJobeetBundle:Job:edit.html.twig', array(

'entity' => $entity,

'edit_form' => $editForm->createView(),

'delete_form' => $deleteForm->createView(),

));

}

public function deleteAction(Request $request, $token)

{

$form = $this->createDeleteForm($token);

$form->bind($request);

if ($form->isValid()) {

$em = $this->getDoctrine()->getManager();

$entity = $em->getRepository('IbwJobeetBundle:Job')->findOneByToken($token);

if (!$entity) {

throw $this->createNotFoundException('Unable to find Job entity.');

}

$em->remove($entity);

$em->flush();

}

return $this->redirect($this->generateUrl('ibw_job'));

}

/**

* Creates a form to delete a Job entity by id.

* @param mixed $id The entity id

* @return Symfony\Component\Form\Form The form

private function createDeleteForm($token)

{

return $this->createFormBuilder(array('token' => $token))

->add('token', 'hidden')

->getForm()

;

}

修改show.html.twig模板中的ibw_job_edit路由参数：

<!-- src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Resources/views/Job/show.html.twig -->
<a href="{{ path('ibw_job_edit', {'token': entity.token}) }}">

1 2	<!-- src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Resources/views/Job/show.html.twig --> <a href="{{ path('ibw_job_edit', {'token': entity.token}) }}">

修改edit.html.twig模板中的ibw_job_update路由：

<!-- src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Resources/views/Job/edit.html.twig -->
<form action="{{ path('ibw_job_update', {'token': entity.token}) }}" method="post" {{ form_enctype(edit_form) }}>

1 2	<!-- src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Resources/views/Job/edit.html.twig --> <form action="{{ path('ibw_job_update', {'token': entity.token}) }}" method="post" {{ form_enctype(edit_form) }}>

除了job_show_user路由外，其他和Job相关的路由都已经带上了token。现在，一个Job的URL样式应该是类似于这样的：http://jobeet.local/job/TOKEN/edit

预览页面

预览页面和Job页面显示的内容是一样的。唯一不同的是，预览页面是通过token访问的，而不是通过id：

# src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Resources/config/routing/job.yml
# ...

ibw_job_show:
    pattern:  /{company}/{location}/{id}/{position}
    defaults: { _controller: "IbwJobeetBundle:Job:show" }
    requirements:
        id:  \d+

ibw_job_preview:
    pattern:  /{company}/{location}/{token}/{position}
    defaults: { _controller: "IbwJobeetBundle:Job:preview" }
    requirements:
        token:  \w+

# ...

# src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Resources/config/routing/job.yml

# ...

ibw_job_show:

pattern: /{company}/{location}/{id}/{position}

defaults: { _controller: "IbwJobeetBundle:Job:show" }

requirements:

id: \d+

ibw_job_preview:

pattern: /{company}/{location}/{token}/{position}

defaults: { _controller: "IbwJobeetBundle:Job:preview" }

requirements:

token: \w+

# ...

previewAction()（它和showAction()不同的是，它通过token来检索job，而不是通过id）：

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Controller/JobController.php
// ...

public function previewAction($token)
{
    $em = $this->getDoctrine()->getManager();

    $entity = $em->getRepository('IbwJobeetBundle:Job')->findOneByToken($token);

    if (!$entity) {
        throw $this->createNotFoundException('Unable to find Job entity.');
    }

    $deleteForm = $this->createDeleteForm($entity->getId());

    return $this->render('IbwJobeetBundle:Job:show.html.twig', array(
        'entity'      => $entity,
        'delete_form' => $deleteForm->createView(),
    ));
}

// ...

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Controller/JobController.php

// ...

public function previewAction($token)

{

$em = $this->getDoctrine()->getManager();

$entity = $em->getRepository('IbwJobeetBundle:Job')->findOneByToken($token);

if (!$entity) {

throw $this->createNotFoundException('Unable to find Job entity.');

}

$deleteForm = $this->createDeleteForm($entity->getId());

return $this->render('IbwJobeetBundle:Job:show.html.twig', array(

'entity' => $entity,

'delete_form' => $deleteForm->createView(),

));

}

// ...

如果用户是通过带token的URL访问到页面的，那么我们就会在页面顶部显示一个admin栏。在show.html.twig的开头包含（include）一个模板，这个模板是用来显示admin栏的。同时删除底部的edit链接：

<!-- src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Resources/views/Job/show.html.twig -->
<!-- ... -->

{% block content %}
    {% if app.request.get('token') %}
        {% include 'IbwJobeetBundle:Job:admin.html.twig' with {'job': entity} %}
    {% endif %}

 <!-- ... -->

{% endblock %}

{% block content %}

{% if app.request.get('token') %}

{% include 'IbwJobeetBundle:Job:admin.html.twig' with {'job': entity} %}

{% endif %}

{% endblock %}

然后创建admin.html.twig模板：

<!-- src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Resources/views/Job/admin.html.twig -->
<div id="job_actions">
    <h3>Admin</h3>
    <ul>
        {% if not job.isActivated %}
            <li><a href="{{ path('ibw_job_edit', { 'token': job.token }) }}">Edit</a></li>
            <li><a href="{{ path('ibw_job_edit', { 'token': job.token }) }}">Publish</a></li>
        {% endif %}
        <li>
            <form action="{{ path('ibw_job_delete', { 'token': job.token }) }}" method="post">
                {{ form_widget(delete_form) }}
                <button type="submit" onclick="if(!confirm('Are you sure?')) { return false; }">Delete</button>
            </form>
        </li>
        {% if job.isActivated %}
            <li {% if job.expiresSoon %} class="expires_soon" {% endif %}>
                {% if job.isExpired %}
                    Expired
                {% else %}
                    Expires in <strong>{{ job.getDaysBeforeExpires }}</strong> days
                {% endif %}

                {% if job.expiresSoon %}
                    - <a href="">Extend</a> for another 30 days
                {% endif %}
            </li>
        {% else %}
            <li>
                [Bookmark this <a href="{{ url('ibw_job_preview', { 'token': job.token, 'company': job.companyslug, 'location': job.locationslug, 'position': job.positionslug }) }}">URL</a> to manage this job in the future.]
            </li>
        {% endif %}
    </ul>
</div>

<h3>Admin</h3>

<ul>

{% if not job.isActivated %}

<li><a href="{{ path('ibw_job_edit', { 'token': job.token }) }}">Publish</a></li>

{% endif %}

<li>

<button type="submit" onclick="if(!confirm('Are you sure?')) { return false; }">Delete</button>

</form>

</li>

{% if job.isActivated %}

{% if job.isExpired %}

Expired

{% else %}

Expires in <strong>{{ job.getDaysBeforeExpires }}</strong> days

{% endif %}

{% if job.expiresSoon %}

- <a href="">Extend</a> for another 30 days

{% endif %}

</li>

{% else %}

<li>

[Bookmark this <a href="{{ url('ibw_job_preview', { 'token': job.token, 'company': job.companyslug, 'location': job.locationslug, 'position': job.positionslug }) }}">URL</a> to manage this job in the future.]

</li>

{% endif %}

</ul>

</div>

这里虽然代码很多，但是都是简单并且容易理解的。

为了让模板的可读性更好，我们为Job实体添加一组简单的方法：

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Entity/Job.php
// ...

public function isExpired()
{
    return $this->getDaysBeforeExpires() < 0;
}

public function expiresSoon()
{
    return $this->getDaysBeforeExpires() < 5;    
}

public function getDaysBeforeExpires()
{
    return ceil(($this->getExpiresAt()->format('U') - time()) / 86400);
}

// ...

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Entity/Job.php

// ...

public function isExpired()

{

return $this->getDaysBeforeExpires() < 0;

}

public function expiresSoon()

{

return $this->getDaysBeforeExpires() < 5;

}

public function getDaysBeforeExpires()

{

return ceil(($this->getExpiresAt()->format('U') - time()) / 86400);

}

// ...

admin栏随着Job状态的不同显示出来的样式也会不同：

Day-10-admin-bar

Day-10-admin-badr-2

现在修改JobController中的createAction()和updateAction()，让它们重定向到预览页面：

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Controller/JobController.php
public function createAction(Request $request)
{
    // ...
    if ($form->isValid()) {
        // ... 
        return $this->redirect($this->generateUrl('ibw_job_preview', array(
            'company' => $entity->getCompanySlug(),
            'location' => $entity->getLocationSlug(),
            'token' => $entity->getToken(),
            'position' => $entity->getPositionSlug()
        )));
    }
    // ...
}

public function updateAction(Request $request, $token)
{
    // ...
    if ($editForm->isValid()) {
        // ... 

        return $this->redirect($this->generateUrl('ibw_job_preview', array(
            'company' => $entity->getCompanySlug(),
            'location' => $entity->getLocationSlug(),
            'token' => $entity->getToken(), 
            'position' => $entity->getPositionSlug()
        )));
    }
    // ...
}

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Controller/JobController.php

public function createAction(Request $request)

{

// ...

if ($form->isValid()) {

// ...

return $this->redirect($this->generateUrl('ibw_job_preview', array(

'company' => $entity->getCompanySlug(),

'location' => $entity->getLocationSlug(),

'token' => $entity->getToken(),

'position' => $entity->getPositionSlug()

)));

}

// ...

}

public function updateAction(Request $request, $token)

{

// ...

if ($editForm->isValid()) {

// ...

return $this->redirect($this->generateUrl('ibw_job_preview', array(

'company' => $entity->getCompanySlug(),

'location' => $entity->getLocationSlug(),

'token' => $entity->getToken(),

'position' => $entity->getPositionSlug()

)));

}

// ...

}

就像我们之前所说的，如果你知道token或者你是Jobeet的管理员的话，你就有权可以修改一条Job信息。但是我们现在去访问Job页面的话，我们可以看到页面上有一个Edit链接，这样的用户体验让人感觉不好。我们来修改show.html.twig，删除Edit链接：

<!-- src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Resources/views/Job/show.html.twig -->
<div style="padding: 20px 0">
    <a href="{{ path('ibw_job_edit', { 'token': entity.token }) }}">
        Edit
    </a>
</div>

Edit

</a>

</div>

Job激活和发布

在Job页面的上部分有一个发布Job信息的链接，这个链接需要被指定到publishAction()上。我们先创建一个新的路由：

# src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Resources/config/routing/job.yml
# ...

ibw_job_publish:
    pattern:  /{token}/publish
    defaults: { _controller: "IbwJobeetBundle:Job:publish" }
    requirements: { _method: post }

# src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Resources/config/routing/job.yml

# ...

ibw_job_publish:

pattern: /{token}/publish

defaults: { _controller: "IbwJobeetBundle:Job:publish" }

requirements: { _method: post }

现在我们来修改Publish链接（我们在这里使用表单，就像删除一个Job一样，它会发送一个POST请求）：

<!-- src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Resources/views/Job/admin.html.twig -->
<!-- ... -->

{% if not job.isActivated %}
    <li><a href="{{ path('ibw_job_edit', { 'token': job.token }) }}">Edit</a></li>
    <li>
        <form action="{{ path('ibw_job_publish', { 'token': job.token }) }}" method="post">
            {{ form_widget(publish_form) }}
            <button type="submit">Publish</button>
        </form>
    </li>
{% endif %}

<!-- ... -->

{% if not job.isActivated %}

<li>

<button type="submit">Publish</button>

</form>

</li>

{% endif %}

最后一步是创建publishAction()，同时修改previewAction()给模板传递一个publish表单：

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Controller/JobController.php
// ...

public function previewAction($token)
{
    // ...

    $deleteForm = $this->createDeleteForm($entity->getToken());
    $publishForm = $this->createPublishForm($entity->getToken());

    return $this->render('IbwJobeetBundle:Job:show.html.twig', array(
        'entity'      => $entity,
        'delete_form' => $deleteForm->createView(),
        'publish_form' => $publishForm->createView(),
    ));
}

public function publishAction(Request $request, $token)
{
    $form = $this->createPublishForm($token);
    $form->bind($request);

    if ($form->isValid()) {
        $em = $this->getDoctrine()->getManager();
        $entity = $em->getRepository('IbwJobeetBundle:Job')->findOneByToken($token);

        if (!$entity) {
            throw $this->createNotFoundException('Unable to find Job entity.');
        }

        $entity->publish();
        $em->persist($entity);
        $em->flush();

        $this->get('session')->getFlashBag()->add('notice', 'Your job is now online for 30 days.');
    }

    return $this->redirect($this->generateUrl('ibw_job_preview', array(
        'company' => $entity->getCompanySlug(),
        'location' => $entity->getLocationSlug(),
        'token' => $entity->getToken(),
        'position' => $entity->getPositionSlug()
    )));
}

private function createPublishForm($token)
{
    return $this->createFormBuilder(array('token' => $token))
        ->add('token', 'hidden')
        ->getForm()
    ;
}

// ...

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Controller/JobController.php

// ...

public function previewAction($token)

{

// ...

$deleteForm = $this->createDeleteForm($entity->getToken());

$publishForm = $this->createPublishForm($entity->getToken());

return $this->render('IbwJobeetBundle:Job:show.html.twig', array(

'entity' => $entity,

'delete_form' => $deleteForm->createView(),

'publish_form' => $publishForm->createView(),

));

}

public function publishAction(Request $request, $token)

{

$form = $this->createPublishForm($token);

$form->bind($request);

if ($form->isValid()) {

$em = $this->getDoctrine()->getManager();

$entity = $em->getRepository('IbwJobeetBundle:Job')->findOneByToken($token);

if (!$entity) {

throw $this->createNotFoundException('Unable to find Job entity.');

}

$entity->publish();

$em->persist($entity);

$em->flush();

$this->get('session')->getFlashBag()->add('notice', 'Your job is now online for 30 days.');

}

return $this->redirect($this->generateUrl('ibw_job_preview', array(

'company' => $entity->getCompanySlug(),

'location' => $entity->getLocationSlug(),

'token' => $entity->getToken(),

'position' => $entity->getPositionSlug()

)));

}

private function createPublishForm($token)

{

return $this->createFormBuilder(array('token' => $token))

->add('token', 'hidden')

->getForm()

;

}

// ...

PublishAction()方法使用的publish()可以在Job实体中定义：

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Entity
// ...

public function publish()
{
    $this->setIsActivated(true);
}

// ...

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Entity

// ...

public function publish()

{

$this->setIsActivated(true);

}

// ...

现在我们可以在浏览中测试publish功能了。

但现在我们依然还有问题需要去修正。那些未被激活的Job数据是不可以被访问到的，也不能出现在首页中。我们需要修改JobRepository：

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Repository/JobRepository.php
namespace Ibw\JobeetBundle\Repository;
use Doctrine\ORM\EntityRepository;

class JobRepository extends EntityRepository
{
    public function getActiveJobs($category_id = null, $max = null, $offset = null)
    {
        $qb = $this->createQueryBuilder('j')
            ->where('j.expires_at > :date')
            ->setParameter('date', date('Y-m-d H:i:s', time()))
            ->andWhere('j.is_activated = :activated')
            ->setParameter('activated', 1)
            ->orderBy('j.expires_at', 'DESC');

        if($max) {
            $qb->setMaxResults($max);
        }

        if($offset) {
            $qb->setFirstResult($offset);
        }

        if($category_id) {
            $qb->andWhere('j.category = :category_id')
                ->setParameter('category_id', $category_id);
        }

        $query = $qb->getQuery();

        return $query->getResult();
    }

    public function countActiveJobs($category_id = null)
    {
        $qb = $this->createQueryBuilder('j')
            ->select('count(j.id)')
            ->where('j.expires_at > :date')
            ->setParameter('date', date('Y-m-d H:i:s', time()))
            ->andWhere('j.is_activated = :activated')
            ->setParameter('activated', 1);

        if($category_id) {
            $qb->andWhere('j.category = :category_id')
                ->setParameter('category_id', $category_id);
        }

        $query = $qb->getQuery();

        return $query->getSingleScalarResult();
    }

    public function getActiveJob($id)
    {
        $query = $this->createQueryBuilder('j')
            ->where('j.id = :id')
            ->setParameter('id', $id)
            ->andWhere('j.expires_at > :date')
            ->setParameter('date', date('Y-m-d H:i:s', time()))
            ->andWhere('j.is_activated = :activated')
            ->setParameter('activated', 1)
            ->setMaxResults(1)
            ->getQuery();

        try {
            $job = $query->getSingleResult();
        } catch (\Doctrine\Orm\NoResultException $e) {
        $job = null;
          }

        return $job;
    }
}

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Repository/JobRepository.php

namespace Ibw\JobeetBundle\Repository;

use Doctrine\ORM\EntityRepository;

class JobRepository extends EntityRepository

{

public function getActiveJobs($category_id = null, $max = null, $offset = null)

{

$qb = $this->createQueryBuilder('j')

->where('j.expires_at > :date')

->setParameter('date', date('Y-m-d H:i:s', time()))

->andWhere('j.is_activated = :activated')

->setParameter('activated', 1)

->orderBy('j.expires_at', 'DESC');

if($max) {

$qb->setMaxResults($max);

}

if($offset) {

$qb->setFirstResult($offset);

}

if($category_id) {

$qb->andWhere('j.category = :category_id')

->setParameter('category_id', $category_id);

}

$query = $qb->getQuery();

return $query->getResult();

}

public function countActiveJobs($category_id = null)

{

$qb = $this->createQueryBuilder('j')

->select('count(j.id)')

->where('j.expires_at > :date')

->setParameter('date', date('Y-m-d H:i:s', time()))

->andWhere('j.is_activated = :activated')

->setParameter('activated', 1);

if($category_id) {

$qb->andWhere('j.category = :category_id')

->setParameter('category_id', $category_id);

}

$query = $qb->getQuery();

return $query->getSingleScalarResult();

}

public function getActiveJob($id)

{

$query = $this->createQueryBuilder('j')

->where('j.id = :id')

->setParameter('id', $id)

->andWhere('j.expires_at > :date')

->setParameter('date', date('Y-m-d H:i:s', time()))

->andWhere('j.is_activated = :activated')

->setParameter('activated', 1)

->setMaxResults(1)

->getQuery();

try {

$job = $query->getSingleResult();

} catch (\Doctrine\Orm\NoResultException $e) {

$job = null;

}

return $job;

}

修改CategoryRepository中的getWithJobs()方法：

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Repository/CategoryRepository.php
namespace Ibw\JobeetBundle\Repository;
use Doctrine\ORM\EntityRepository;

class CategoryRepository extends EntityRepository
{
    public function getWithJobs()
    {
        $query = $this->getEntityManager()
            ->createQuery('SELECT c FROM IbwJobeetBundle:Category c LEFT JOIN c.jobs j WHERE j.expires_at > :date AND j.is_activated = :activated')
            ->setParameter('date', date('Y-m-d H:i:s', time()))
            ->setParameter('activated', 1);

        return $query->getResult();
    }
}

// src/Ibw/JobeetBundle/Repository/CategoryRepository.php

namespace Ibw\JobeetBundle\Repository;

use Doctrine\ORM\EntityRepository;

class CategoryRepository extends EntityRepository

{

public function getWithJobs()

{

$query = $this->getEntityManager()

->createQuery('SELECT c FROM IbwJobeetBundle:Category c LEFT JOIN c.jobs j WHERE j.expires_at > :date AND j.is_activated = :activated')

->setParameter('date', date('Y-m-d H:i:s', time()))

->setParameter('activated', 1);

return $query->getResult();

}

好了，今天就这些了。你可以在浏览器中测试一下今天的实现的内容。所有未被激活的Job数据是不会显示到首页中的，即使你知道URL链接，它们也是不可以被访问到的。不过，如果你知道带token的URL的话就可以访问到，在这种情况下，Job预览页面顶部会显示出admin栏。

原文链接：http://www.intelligentbee.com/blog/2013/08/16/symfony2-jobeet-day-10-the-forms/

站在巨人肩膀上的phpweb框架

自定义Job表单

Symfony2处理上传文件

表单模板

表单行为（Action）

使用Token来保护表单

预览页面

Job激活和发布

One comment

发表评论取消回复

自定义Job表单

Symfony2处理上传文件

表单模板

表单行为（Action）

使用Token来保护表单

预览页面

Job激活和发布

One comment

发表评论 取消回复

发表评论取消回复